Oncology
Warning signs of gynecologic cancers
Cancers of the cervix, womb, ovaries and vulva are easier to treat when found early. Know the symptoms to check.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Gebresilassie Andualem
2 July 2026
See a doctor if you notice
- Bleeding after sex or between periods
- Any bleeding after menopause
- Unusual or bad-smelling discharge
- Persistent bloating, feeling full quickly or a swelling in the abdomen
- Pelvic pain that doesn't go away
- A lump, sore or itching on the vulva that doesn't heal
Most symptoms are not cancer
These symptoms often have simpler causes. But they should be checked, because early diagnosis makes a real difference to treatment and survival.
How cancers are diagnosed
Diagnosis may involve an examination, ultrasound or other imaging, blood tests and a biopsy — a small sample of tissue examined in the laboratory.
Treatment
Treatment can include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, often combined. Our gynecologic oncology team plans care together with other specialists and supports you and your family throughout.
Medical information is for education and does not replace individualized medical consultation.